Enterprise Systems for Sales and Production - myassignmenthelp

Questions: 1. What are the key objectives IGT needed to accomplish utilizing an ERP system?2.Discuss the upsides and downsides to altering the system.3. By what method ought to IGT handle change the board during ERP execution? Answers: 1. Change a current data innovation framework with one that is increasingly bound together and proficient For overseeing various divisions like deals, creation, requests and fund, IGT had separate frameworks. Getting entrance in to data about a specific request was an awkward process.Each framework were considered as isolated substances and a data must be gotten from every one of this elements independently. This implied the various tasks must be overseen by various applications. On the off chance that one of the offices needed to speak with another division it required a ton of manual tasks and was profoundly awkward. There was no assurance that the data recovered was genuine and would be verifiable. This incited IGT to supplant the current framework with a progressively incorporated and effective framework that would sort out the various divisions in an increasingly powerful and brought together way. The principle goal of this ERP was the connecting of the center business activities like advertising, records, creation and conveyance into a progressively durable unit. Redesigning the activities that improve the adequacy of the business By presenting an ERP framework, IGT proposed to improve the business procedure itself. A business with the end goal that of IGTs requires a bit by bit degree that begins from assembling till the deals and conveyance. Since expand process and unmistakable advances were engaged with the business, there are odds of the representatives submitting certain blunders that were conscious or something else. However, on the off chance that an upgraded framework like that of an ERP was presented, the odds for blunders could be dispensed with. The most significant favorable position of presenting the ERP framework would be deliberateness among the workers (Law and Ngai, 2007). Understanding that there would be an orderly method of supervising things and mistakes can't be skirted causes the representatives to play out their exercises in a progressively systematic way. By empowering the ERP framework, IGT could execute an increasingly normalized technique to process the requests that were to me mad e desperately. Lessening the mistakes and better creation rates could improve the tasks and the business totally. Planning the overall activities and improving the business administration Being a worldwide organization IGT had tasks crossing to most pieces of the world. Similarly as with the inner business structure, before the execution of the SAP framework, the overall tasks were protected with one another. The activities did in various areas like Manchester, Las Vegas and Reno had no data exchange between them. The proposed execution of the SAP framework expected to improve the combination between these tasks. The principle goal was to achieve an increasingly normalized approach for reconciliation of the business. This would be particularly useful for the higher specialists to produce valuable data to make definitive administration approaches. 2.Pros: The significant favorable position of utilizing an ERP System was that it bound together all the various frameworks for the whole business activities. Altering the framework made it important to coordinate every unique office like requests, creation, deals, dispersion and bookkeeping. A typical data the board framework could hence be actualized that was particular and isolated from one another. Altering the framework additionally guaranteed a progressively steady and nonstop progression of data between the modules (Shang and Seddon, 2000). The significant effect of this in IGT was on Accounts. At first it was chosen by IGT the executives that the records module would be kept up independently and would be overseen by a different data the board framework. However, later it was perceived by the IGT the executives that the bookkeeping division could likewise be incorporated alongside different modules. The SAP ERP bundle that was picked by the administration had a superior budgetary admi nistration framework. Since IGT had global activities, it was compulsory that the money related administration framework required a particular module to deal with the outside cash exchanges. The underlying accomplishment of IGT in embracing an ERP framework was that it could join three significant modules; fabricate, item improvement and account. Joining these three modules empowered the front office applications to be firmly coordinated with the plant based tasks. Another preferred position was that it helped the laborers in the creation procedure as it were. The assembling strategies could be checked all the more intently by the representatives at the workstations itself. The procedure sheets were given online to the workers. These means ensured that no progression during the creation procedure was covered or disregarded. The methodical method of getting things done in an ERP framework required the laborers to follow the procedure in the correct way. Cons: The conspicuous burden of altering the framework is that the expense related with customization is excessively expensive. Joined with the customization there are various stages, for example, arranging, designing, testing and usage. Another disadvantage of redoing the framework is that the organization time for a genuinely mind boggling framework, for example, the one in IGT may devour a great deal of time to be completely operational. The expense of customization is consistently a factor that must be dealt with and held under check (Chen, 2001). The cost that would be acquired in tweaking the framework may not promptly receive rewards as the underlying time would be spent on breaking down the progressions made. In the event of the IGT framework, there was a great deal of examination done to guarantee that the customization was made carefully to improve the business activities and not only for improving the innovation. An underlying movement to an ERP would consistently be troublesome as a redo would be fundamental in the all the activities associated with the business. Another factor that was considered during the customization was choosing which ERP bundle must be utilized. The dynamic procedure must be advocated and a great deal of thought must be done before narrowing down on SAP as it had focal points in money related union and monetary announcing. A prominent weakness was that solitary three of the significant modules were coordinated, to be specific, fabricating, item improvement and fund. The rest of the modules were to be investigated more, before all the activities were incorporated. The reconciliation of the IGTs own industrial facility control framework to the executed SAP ERP fr amework likewise required a great deal of examination. The IGT the executives itself needed to concede at a later stage that since the correct documentation were not accessible, joining all the data into the ERP was very monotonous. 3. During ERP usage, there are a ton of changes that the application experiences and subsequently there should be a compelling administration framework for reviewing the progressions and empower the assets conform to the progressions that the application experiences. Certain means taken by the IGT the board could enable the assets to modify themselves to the progressions that occur. Understanding that the new ERP framework is going to influence the typical daily practice and exercises of the association, would enable the administration to handle the issues because of the progressions all the more adequately. The example of exercises that have been done is going to change and a ton of learning would be required by the administration staff and the representatives to stay aware of the day by day exercises to look after efficiency. The errands, exercises and the procedures being completed are going to change radically and the representatives will interface with a great deal of new inform ation. There ought to be a lucidity among the offices, just as the representatives and the board with regards to why the ERP framework was being embraced. In the event that the representatives can identify with the upgrades that the application is experiencing, can be spurring and help the assets grasp the adjustments in a superior manner. A successful correspondence channel ought to be kept up guaranteeing the progression of data between the assets occurs in a continuous way. Correspondence would be a key factor for the administration to deal with the issues that may come up during the movement to the ERP framework. There were sure changes that the IGT the executives did to the business procedure to modify itself to the SAP usage. For instance was the adjustment in the request procedure of not conveying the business request until two or three weeks till the construct. More significance was given for improving deals before hand itself. The administration additionally found a way to join scarcely any workers from the request gathering and the designing area, to redo the framework the same number of the procedure were not archived in IGT. Preparing a couple of work force in the ERP framework and empowering them to go about as intermediates between the representatives and the administration can help in the smooth change to the ERP framework. Further, reporting the outcomes and the positive effect that the ERP has purchased about in the business can empower the workers alter well to the changes (Brehm et. al, 2001). Better preparing systems and exhibiting the application changes offering accentuation to the advantages can be a possibility for the administration to make the assets adapt up to the progressions all the more successfully. References Brehm, L., Heinzl, A. what's more, Markus, M.L., 2001, January. Fitting ERP frameworks: a range of decisions and their suggestions. InSystem Sciences, 2001. Procedures of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 9-pp). IEEE. Chen, I.J., 2001. Getting ready for ERP frameworks: investigation and future trend.Business process the executives journal,7(5), pp.374-386. Law, C.C. also, Ngai, E.W., 2007. ERP frameworks reception: An exploratory investigation of the authoritative factors and effects of ERP success.Information Management,44(4), pp.418-432. Shang, S. what's more, Seddon, P.B., 2000. A comprehens

Software Defined Networking (SDN)

Question: Talk about the Essay for Software Defined Networking (SDN)? Answer: Presentation: The paper portrays the capacity of a multiplexer in an information correspondence arrange. The task examines in detail three significant focuses; Difference between different types of multiplexers, the multiplexing engaged with various degrees of OSI model of a system, the purposes behind utilizing a specific type of the multiplexer in the framework. The principal point talks about the distinction among simple and an advanced multiplexer just as three exceptional kinds of multiplexing; FDM, WDM and TDM. The subsequent point clarifies the utilization of multiplexer in the seven layers of the OSI model. Additionally, the last purpose of the paper talks about the use of the specific sort of multiplexer in the layers of the system. Multiplexer and its Variants: The multiplexer can be characterized as a switch that takes different information sources and returns single yield. The multiplexer can take both simple and advanced sort of data and convert it into a solitary yield. The two most critical highlights of the multiplexer are information determination just as intensification. The multiplexer can choose specific information lines to send yield (Stacey, 2015). The transmission transmitters for the multiplexer can be copper wire or optical fiber link in a system. The multiplexer can enhance the transmitted information or data in a scope of a specific transfer speed and time. The two essential kind of multiplexer is simple and advanced. Fig 1. Multiplexer in a system (Source: Industrialnetworking.com, 2016) Different type of multiplexer: Simple multiplexer transmits simple sign utilizing its information lines. The simple multiplexing is additionally partitioned in FDM and WDM (Diab Powell, 2015). FDM: This sort of simple multiplexing works with the different scope of recurrence and regulates the frequencies to join in a solitary yield recurrence. The transfer speed scopes of the channels isolate the distinctive scope of frequencies. The unused transmission capacity or the watchman groups can conquer the covering of info signals (Giles et al., 2014). The recurrence extend for FDM or recurrence division multiplexing is 80-108 MHz where each channel utilizes around 700MHz of recurrence. The inconvenience of FDM is the need of the simple channel, which has an issue of stage mistake. Besides, simple signs deal with constrained recurrence extend and the speakers for this kind of multiplexing are perplexing and direct ( Willner, 2015). Fig 2. FDM (Source: Historyofcomputercommunications.info, 2016) WDM: The frequency division multiplexing depends on the frequency of the light. The information signal transmitted by the multiplexer relies upon the guideline of crystal and light pillar. The transmission lines of the multiplexer utilize the fiber optics for information transmission (Xia et al., 2015). The WDM is like the FDM yet depends on the frequency of the light, which is complementary of the recurrence. Fig 3. WDM (Source: precisionopticaltransceivers, 2016) The advanced multiplexer transmits the computerized flags over the transmission channel. Time division multiplexing is a sort of computerized multiplexing. TDM: This sort of multiplexing joins information streams with various schedule openings in an edge. The signs are masterminded successively. The quantity of information lines is equal to the quantity of timeslots. For n quantities of information lines, the TDM makes n vacancies. TDM can be additionally isolated into Synchronous just as nonconcurrent TDM (Amaya et al., 2014). Coordinated TDM: In this kind of multiplexing, the schedule vacancy is chosen same for all the information spaces for information transmission. The computerized signal transmission is relatively more straightforward than the simple sign transmission. Be that as it may, this sort of multiplexing is the wastage of transmission capacity. Offbeat TDM: This kind of multiplexing is otherwise called measurable TDM. This is an adaptable method of multiplexing and the time is distributed to the space, which needs to transmit information. The data transfer capacity wastage issue of the simultaneous TDM is defeated for this situation (Sasaki et al., 2015). The TDM labels each edge with an ID number for its gadget subsequently expanding the handling of the multiplexer yet the effective usage of transfer speed is the essential preferred position of its utilization. Fig 4. TDM (Source: Gordostuff.com, 2015) SDM: The space division multiplexing utilizes a point-to-point or arrangement association between electrical conveyors for information transmission (Feuer et al., 2013). This sort of multiplexing is appropriate for the multi-hub links just as other system topologies like star or work arrange. For the remote correspondence, the multiplexing utilizes staged cluster reception apparatus for MIMO, SIMO or MISO sort of information transmission. Fig 5. SDM (Source: Ustudy.in, 2016) The other chief kinds of multiplexing incorporate DWDM, OFDM, and ROADM, and so forth. The DWDM or the thick frequency division multiplexing relies upon the extended data transmission of fiber optics procedure. With the benefits of bit rate and convention autonomy, this sort of multiplexing can transmit information in different sorts of channel like IP, SONET, and Ethernet, and so on. The OFDM can transmit opposite subcarrier flags over equal channels (Leigh Weidele , 2013). This sort of multiplexing can manage channel issues like lessening, obstruction, and so forth as this works with gradually regulated narrowband signals. ROADM is a sort of include - drop multiplier that relies upon the WDM and can pick, pass or divert its sort of sign (light shafts or infrared) for information transmission. Multiplexing and OSI layers: Multiplexing is the method of consolidating various signs like frequency, timeslot or recurrence and imparting the sign over the channel to its recipient. A few layers of the OSI arrange model backings the Multiplexing as information transmission is a significant alternative for the systems administration (Walker et al., 2013). The least layer of the OSI model or the physical layer incorporates the equipment part of the systems administration like links, Ethernet just as other gear for the information transmission. The second most reduced layer or the information connect layer are isolated into two sub-layers media get to control and consistent connection control for the information surrounding, synchronization just as the information stream control. The physical layer bolsters FDM for fast of information move. The multiplexing in the physical layer is known as the circuit level multiplexing (Richardson et al., 2013). The AIM and BONDING conventions are utilized for this kind of mult iplexing where information streams are appropriated over accessible circuits just as the hardware (Mori et al., 2015). In addition, the information interface layer is the association between the physical and system layer of the OSI model. The LLC sub layer of the information interface control utilizes multiplexing/demultiplexing to join the L3 conventions like IP, IPX just as AppleTalk for multipoint arrange association. The other sub layer or the Mac layer executes the impact goals conventions like CSMA, CSMA/CD down the middle or full duplex mode utilizing the equivalent multiplexing method ( Dendy et al., 2016). The system layer of the OSI model is liable for the exchanging and steering strategies for information transmission. The bundle, just as the edge of information, is gone through this layer. The system layer manages the control of the general framework. The system layer additionally utilizes the firewall and another security component for the information security (Helms Brooks, 2014). This layer utilizes parcel level multiplexing strategy with MP and MPP conventions. The layer sends various bundles over the distinctive channel for the multiplexing. Additionally, the system layer utilizes TDM for computerized information transmission just as some exceptional multiplexing methods like ROADM for including, bypassing, hindering as the prerequisite of information transmission. The layer 4 or the vehicle layer takes a shot at the information stream control just as blunder recuperation (Bozinovic et al., 2013). SPX, TCP just as UDP are the conventions utilized in the system layer. The vehicl e layer is liable for the gigantic measure of information move. In this way, the multiplexing procedure like FDM for simple and TDM is utilized for information outline just as parcel transmission. The offbeat TDM is the valuable strategy for multiplexing the necessary data in the vehicle layer. The system layer additionally utilizes the opposite multiplexing procedure for moderate information stream transmission. The following layer or the meeting layer sets up an association between two applications. The support, just as the end of the meeting, is additionally reliant on the meeting layer. The layer 5 relies upon the application association like NetBIOS, NFS, RPC just as the database like SQL, and so forth. The synchronization of information streams conquers the issues of information misfortune or information stowing away in the system. As the meeting, layer manages the meeting of the pre-owned applications multiplexing of the information and data utilize a specific kind (Ciurana et al., 2014). The multiplexing is known as Session multiplexing. The meeting multiplexing is utilized in the two methods for transport just as the meeting layer. This sort of multiplexing manages the application type like a solitary PC with a specific IP address opens various website pages in the web program. The other application multiplexing incorporates the backend database association with the web program. The different WebPages can be refreshed utilizing the put away techniques in the single interface of database like MYSQL, SQL Server, and so on. The 6th layer of the OSI organize model is the introduction layer. The introduction layer changes over the various information types in a mode that are receivable by the application layer or the highest layer of the OSI model. The change component incorporates encryption just as other cryptographic methods and so on. The pressure just as the decompression strategies additionally are utilized in the 6th layer of the system model (Mori et al., 2015). The introduction layer multiplexing incorporates joining different information stre

How to Make Your Job More Enjoyable

How to Make Your Job More Enjoyable Stress Management Job Stress Print How to Make Your Job More Enjoyable By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on July 21, 2019 mediaphotos/Getty Images More in Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress When young people are considering their future career choices, they are often given advice to follow their passion and look for work that involves passion and meaning.  However, in a challenging job market, many people feel the need to take jobs that are less than their ideal  but will do for now.  This means that many people are in jobs that they like but dont loveâ€"or sometimes dont even like. Do you wish you had a better job?  Fun jobs aren’t just for the very lucky; believe it or not, most ‘regular jobs’ can be turned into ‘fun jobs’ with some tweaking. This is good news for many people, who find themselves in a difficult job climate and may not want to risk quitting a safe job in search of a job thats more enjoyable. Interestingly, what makes a job fun depends on the individualâ€"and virtually everyone can take steps to make their current job more enjoyable to them personally, so different people in the same organization can take on different responsibilities that may complement each other. The desire to make a job more enjoyable isnt a frivolous one.  While fun jobs can contain some stress, people generally find these types of jobsâ€"jobs that fit their needs in terms of utilizing their unique strengths and providing the right type of challenge and meaningâ€"come with less clock-watching, less Monday morning dread, less stress. And because job stress is one of the most commonly-experienced stressors, this is clearly something that many people face  and would like to be rid of. The following steps can help people take their current jobs more fulfilling and less stressful. Ready? Let’s have some fun! Find Flow Think about the times in your life when you experience flowâ€"you lose track of time, you feel inspired, and things feel really easy for you. Is it when you’re doing specific activities such as organizing people, troubleshooting problems  or decorating a space? Or in daily life, do you find certain aspects of your day tend to feed you emotionally, like when you’re engaged in conversation with people, cracking jokes, or spending time alone? See if there are ways to work these things into your current job: be the office party planner, for example, if you love to plan events; volunteer to deal with disgruntled customers if conflict resolution is your forte; maintain a sense of humor throughout the day if at all possible. Jobs that lend themselves to flow are generally experienced as fun jobs. Sometimes creating flow in your workday means adding new responsibilities that include the right level of challenge and meaning rather than swapping activities that are less enjoyable for these more enjoyable activities, which are known as gratifications. This can be worth the effort, even if it means slightly more work. This type of activity can relieve stress and involve more meaning and enjoyment in your job, it can be well worth the extra effort. Spread Joy Think about ways that your current job helps people, or could help people. We have all experienced sales clerks who clearly hate their jobs and don’t want to be there, and sales clerks who take time to talk to us and make our day special. The clerks who go out of their way to spread happiness are providing a real service  and are also more likely to think of their jobs as ‘fun jobs’ than the first group. How does your job allow you to touch people’s lives? You may be able to share positivity to people you encounter, you may find opportunities to help others by sharing your expertise, or you may even inspire others. Jobs that make the world a better place lend a sense of satisfaction  and are likely to be experienced as fun jobs. Create Meaning Use your creativity and share your special gifts in your current job, and you may find your experience of your job transformed. Look at how your job can contribute to society in a positive way, and find greater meaning in your work. Focusing on the intangible rewards of work can transform most jobs into fun jobs, and can reduce job stress as well. Have fun!

The Great Pyramid Of Giza Essay - 1704 Words

The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. It is located at El Giza, Egypt. This pyramid was built for the pharaoh Khufu in around 2560 B.C. and was intended to last an eternity. Also, this pyramid was the tallest structure in the world for nearly 3800 years with a height of more than 481 feet. This pyramid is a great tribute to engineering and decades-long labor by tens of thousands of workers. It was estimated that the pyramids were built by 100,000 workers over 20 years. It is one of the great ancient wonders of the world from the outside and for a great tourist attraction too, but people have little appreciation for the technical aspects of the insides of this great structure. I am going to explore the material, the measurements, and the interior of the Great Pyramid. Also explore the controversies surrounding the closed passages in the structure. Over the past centuries, there has been many theories that go against each other about the passage closure of the pyramid. Many researchers and professors have tried to understand why the passageways to some of the most important parts of the pyramid were blocked. Before discussing the theories for the closed passage ways, I’m going to discuss some of the interesting aspects of the internal pyramid construction including what materials were used, how measurements were done in constructing the internal structure, and the internal layout of the Pyramid. It was quite a feat to build thisShow MoreRelatedThe Great Pyramid Of Giza930 Words   |  4 PagesGiza, an area located southwest of what is now known as Cairo, is home to one of the most astonishing and mysterious feats of architecture ever assembled, The Great Pyramid. Located approximately 5 miles west of the Nile River near the city of Cairo, Egypt, The Great Pyramid is part of a larger complex called the Giza Necropolis, which also houses the Great Sphinx, and two smaller pyramids. It is said to have been built by the enslaved citizens of Khufu, second ruler of the 4th dynasty, and son ofRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza1382 Words   |  6 Pagespaper will examine the Great Pyramid of Giza during the Fourth Dynasty, the period in which it was built. My purpose for this topic is to not only educate myself further in the humanities of Ancient Egypt but to also get a better understanding of how the art relates to the people and their lives, I will do so by examining how and whe n The Great Pyramid of Giza and the surrounding pyramids were built, then how the culture of the people at the time influenced the making of the pyramid, and finally I willRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza Essay1147 Words   |  5 PagesThe â€Å"Great Pyramid of Giza† is situated in the Giza Necropolis which borders the largest city in Egypt – Giza. It is also identified by two other names; the Pyramid of â€Å"Cheops† or â€Å"Khufu†. The Great Pyramid stands as the largest and oldest among the Giza Necropolis pyramids. Furthermore, it is listed among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, holding the record of being the oldest in that list. The magnificence of the pyramid’s structure is an attraction that has grabbed the attention of severalRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza859 Words   |  4 Pages The Great Pyramid of Giza, is one of the oldest and sole surviving wonders of the Ancient World, has attracted the interest of many people such as tourists, philosophers, and travelers for hundreds of years. The pyramids interest has centered on the question of whether the ancient Egyptian people created and or possessed certain mathematical concepts and rules in the pyramids for the proportions and measurements. The Great Pyramid’s elevation encodes three of the most important constants in createdRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza1611 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Pyramid of Giza, the largest of the pyramids, was built in 2589 BC for King Khufu, it took 23 years to complete and remains standing today over 2,000 years later. The Great Pyramid of Giza provides a comprehensive understanding, as archaeological evidence, of the old kingdom and the political role of the Pharaoh and religion revealing insight to the mathematical intelligence of the ancient Egyptians. Through the intellect, religion and politics embedded within the structure, much informationRead MoreThe Great Pyramids Of Giza1026 Words   |  5 Pages The Great Pyramids of Giza By: Brittany Wright ART 101 December 3, 2015 Egypt: This research is on the Ancient Egyptian Culture. Ancient Egypt was located in Northeastern Africa along the Nile River. Egypt was divided into Upper and Lower Egypt from 5000 to 2950 BC; the unification of Egypt was around 3000 BC. Ancient Egypt was around until about 50 BC. The Egyptians are known for many accomplishments; they include: their complex irrigation system, hieroglyphics, and the practiceRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza1138 Words   |  5 Pagesbuilt. The Pyramids! We find these mysterious, immense, and fascinating structures throughout the world. We gaze at them in wonder and ask ourselves: who built them? How were they built? what were they used for? and, when were they built? The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact. The pyramids purpose hasRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza1869 Words   |  8 PagesKrystek (2010), the Great Pyramid of Giza is â€Å"the only one of the famous Seven Wonders of the Ancient World that still stands.† The Great Pyramid of Giza, which was built around 2550BC for the pharaoh Khufu, is archaeological evidence of the political, economic and religious power of the pharaoh and the importance of religion in the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt. The ability of the pharaoh Khufu to organise and control the large workforce necessary to build the Great Pyramid is an indication ofRead MoreThe Great Pyramids Of Giza1274 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Great Pyramids of Giza from twenty five seventy five to twenty four fifty BCE. These pyramids were crafted to represent the rulers Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure. They were originally covered in limestone and topped with gold to reflect the sun’s rays, creating a majestic sight in the name of the pharaohs. Outside of Khafre’s mortuary temple lies the Great Sphinx of Giz a. At sixty five feet in height, it is still one of the largest single stone sculptures in the world. While the Great SphinxRead MoreThe Great Pyramid of Giza Essay679 Words   |  3 PagesThe Great Pyramid of Giza Who built the Great Pyramid? The Great Pyramid was built by the Egyptian pharaoh Khufu. Khufuwas born in 2589 BC - 2566 BC. His real name was Khnum-khuf meaning the god Khnum is his protection. Khufuwas the son of another great pyramid builder, King Sneferu. Khufus mothers name was Hetepheres. Khufuwas the second king in the 4th dynasty. The Greeks referred Khufu as Cheops When and Where was the Great Pyramid built? The Great

Problems with the European Union - 1600 Words

Question 1: After World War II the European officials established the European Union (EU), as a mean to end the bloody wars happening between neighboring states of Europe and gather their political and economic values back in order. Initially the Treaty of Rome in 1957 formed the European Economic Community (EEC) that allowed the citizens of Europe to have freedom of labor and capital. However, the EU was established to create security in regards to the single market, traveling between states and monetary unification with the creation of the euro. Before the creation of the European Union the he Westphalian nation-state bonded Europe with the Peace of Westphalia of 1648. Only to have authority over geographical areas the EU challenged this idea to generously give Europe the power to separate religion and state and end bloody wars that deprived their countries economics and urge to become self-efficient. For the time being the creation of the European Union re-established Europe’s economic and social progress, freedom of area and security just to have new issues arises with the Union. Currently, Europe is facing multiple problems with a stable economy, personal privilege of boundaries that may result in another recession. First, the Eurozone crisis is a pivotal factor in the grand amount of debt Europe is responsible for; citizens were given the opportunity to borrow money to ideal. According to the document â€Å"The European Union: Questions and Answers†, Greece’s economy isShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And The European Union1685 Words   |  7 Pagesmade prevalent with the European Union. The main drawback within the European Union was its economy. If one country within the organization were to have economic crisis then that country would affect all other country members. This was made clear in 2010 with the economic crisis presented in Greece. 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Moreover, the author believes that China and the rest of the countries

Individual Right vs Public Order Free Essays

Running head: INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS VS. PUBLIC ORDER Individual Rights vs. Public Order Ashley Perez Mountain State Univeristy Summer 1 2011 When our four fathers came together and created the Bill of Rights, they did not think it would last as long as it did. We will write a custom essay sample on Individual Right vs Public Order or any similar topic only for you Order Now They created something that determines everything in the world, when it comes to crimes and issues. They set up rights for the people to protect the people. The first ten amendments of the Bill of Rights are particularly important to criminal defendants facing formal processing by the criminal justice system (Schmalleger, F. 2008). We were giving rights, for us individuals. Individual rights are the rights guaranteed to all members of the American society by the U. S Constitution ((Schmalleger, F. , 2008). As the world advanced, so did the criminal justice system. This caused more of an emphasis on individual rights that was accompanied by the dramatic increase in reported criminal activity worldwide. Just in the sevenths and eighties, F. B. I. ‘s traditional crimes, murder, rape, and assault increased. With individual rights, came due process. Due process is procedural fairness. Fairness is the idea of doing what is best. It may not be perfect, but it is the good and decent thing to do. It requires being levelheaded, uniform and regular, when all around you is prejudice, corruption, or the desire of an angry mob to see justice done. Fairness requires breadth and depth ( Stevenes, M , 2003). Not only does the outcome have to be fair, but also so does everything along the line such as evidence gathering and presentation. Stevenes, M. , 2003). The due process standard was served in the sixties, by the warren courts. From the beginning, the individual-rights revolution had two critics. First, critics disputed the premise that the government cannot be expected to honor behavioral norms without being subject to an adversarial process (Super, D. , 2005). Second, critics asserted that enforcing norms through individual rights has heavy costs in the form of lost managerial efficiency of gov ernment programs (Super, D. 2005). In the Mathews v. EldridgeJ case, these critiques provided the basis of two of the three prongs of the central due process (Super, D. , 2005). Court’s decisions declining to imply private rights of action to enforce statutes and regulations (Super, D. , 2005). Because of this , a movement for over ten years had enforced the rights of several politically weak groups such as immigrants, prisoners, people of troubled families and people suspected to be connected to terrorism. Of the movement , responses have attacked the individual-rights revolution, braking it into two main forms. First, champions of individual rights have emphasized the importance of those rights, sometimes finding substantive value in the procedures of individual adjudication (Super, D. , 2005). Second, they have sought to rebut assertions that government agencies can be counted upon to conform to legal norms without giving individuals the ability to enforce those norms (Super, D. , 2005). Mathews v. Eldridge factors: the individual interest and the risk of erroneous deprivation. however, champions of individual rights have implicitly conceded their opponents’ contention that interposing individual rights has a cost in terms of the efficiency of the underlying government activity(Super, D. , 2005). After September eleventh, the world went on a permanent shut down. No one knew who did it and why. Shortly after the towers where down, we all knew something was to come of this, but we did not how much it would change our society today. We knew that the tower where knocked down by terrorist from the Middle East, but we did not know what they looked like. The world, as a whole, went crazy, and any one and everyone who was of Middle Eastern descent or even looked like they where from the middle east where thrown in jail. People began to judge people by what they looked like, and did not give any one a chance. Air ports where placed under high security, and for the first ever people where thrown out of line just because their shoes did not match. Everything was being over looked, and studied. We had U. S Marshals on just about every flight; we did not want something like nine eleven happen again. Just 45 days after the September 11 attacks, Congress passed the USA PATRIOT Act. There are significant flaws in the Patriot Act, flaws that threaten your fundamental freedoms by giving the government the power to access to your medical records, tax records, information about the books you buy or borrow without probable cause, and the power to break into your home and conduct secret searches without telling you for weeks, months, or indefinitely (ACLU,2007). The USA PATRIOT Act was intended to break down those barriers and respond to new communication technologies in a number of ways (Pike, G, 2006) . The act broadened the definition of terrorism, permitted extensive sharing of intelligence information, made it easier to get warrants to conduct intelligence investigations, increased the secrecy relating to search warrants, and expanded the scope of information that could be obtained (Pike, G, 2006) . Partially due to its haste in passing the act, Congress decreed that many-but not all-of the PATRIOT Act’s provisions would expire on Dec. 1, 2005(Pike, G, 2006) . A cursory review of the legal literature shows that the USA PATRIOT ACT was â€Å"rushed† passed Congress by the Bush administration without following the usual legislative procedure (Wong, K, 2006). Throughout the entire legislative process, neither the Congress nor the Administration has systematically investigated and critically debated the merit–necessity and efficacy, costs and benefits, and the impact and implications of the ACT on the Constitution, on the society, on the people (Wong, K, 2006). In reality the idea of introducing an act, at the time they did, was good, but the more we thought about it, we realized it goes against everything our four fathers worked hard to put together. We used to live in a world where we where the top dogs and everyone wanted to be like us. Now with all that has happened in the past few years, there is always that big brother over our shoulders, and he is not leaving any time soon. We live in a world where there are sick minded people, who kill people, and kid nap little kids. Where you are never alone and some one is always listening, even when you re the only one in the room. What ever happened to the fourth amendment right: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things t o be seized. We are still entitled to this right , but how are if the at any moment in time the government can say hey lets see who so and so are talking to right now? It appears as if all the rights and laws created just go back and forth with each other. I thought we were an organized society. How can we say that we will follow the fourth amendment, when we have a completely new act that reverses everything that we are entitled to? We are living in a messed up time, nothing ever seems to make sense, and we are supposed to just know things. We are learning new things everyday, but they just keep changing. How are supposed to know our rights, if the people who makes are not even sure about them. We lock up the wrong people, and let the evil doers go. What happened, and how did it all go so wrong. Only if they could us now, this is probably why all other countries hate us with a passion. Lately everything is based on what you look like, and your political views. It has nothing to do with who you are. After the nine eleven attacks, the world began to look differently at all people, we saw sides of people we never saw before. We saw more American flags posted outside peoples homes, hung up in store window, then on the fourth of July. Everyone came together, and stood proud for the time in a long time. The world mental was ready for a fight, but not what we ended up with. Hundreds of lives lost, and many where innocent. When we went to fight, we hit hard, harder then anyone could think. It made us look like we where the bad back , yes we lost hundreds of people in the bombing of the world trade center , but are not supposed to show we are better then them? We lost the trust of the people who we were supposed to be trusting, and faith in the people we loved. We lost all we fought for, for years before this, and to throw it all away. The American world is so messed, that many of us do not even want to tell people they are American when they leave the country for a vacation. The American name has been bashed, and beaten all because of one event. One event changed our lives forever. It will never be the same, and if you where there, you can never forget the pandemonium that day. The radio stations, gone, no music, just recaps of what happened. No television, just images of how it happened. The news showed pictures of the men who did it and the other who are part of it. The mobs outside, swear they saw one of the people driving a cab, they where all going to look for him. The kids, so confused , yet understanding that this going in the history books for ever, and now reading about in that new edition book, saying I lived it. References ACLU. (2007, January 1). USA PATRIOT ACT. American Civil Liberties Union. Retrieved June 1, 2011, from Http://www. aclu. org/safefree/resources/17343res20031114. html Pike, G. (2006). : USA PATRIOT Act: What’s Next?. Information Today, 23(4), 1-2. Schmalleger, F. (2008). Criminal justice: a brief introduction (7th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, N. J. : Pearson/Prentice Hall. Stevenes, M. (2003, June 25). DUE PROCESS OF LAW: PROCEDURAL AND SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES. NCWC. Retrieved June 1, 2011, from faculty. ncwc. edu/mstevens/410/410lect06. htm Super, D. A. (2005). Are Rights Efficient? Challenging the Managerial Critique of Individual Rights‚A ®. Law Review, 93(4), 1051. Retrieved June 1, 2011, from http://proquest. umi. com/pqdweb? did=1222808651sid=8Fmt=2clientId=296 77RQT=309VName=PQD Wong, K. C. (2006). The making of the USA Patriot Act I: The legislative process and dynamics. International Journal of the Sociology of Law, 34(3), 179. Retrieved May 30, 2011, from http://proquest. umi. com/pqdweb? did=1199189181sid=6Fmt=2clientId=296 77RQT=309VName=PQD How to cite Individual Right vs Public Order, Papers

Regency Grand Hotel Essay Example

Regency Grand Hotel Paper Introduction to the Regency Grand Hotel: Introduction to the Regency Grand Hotel The Hotel is among the five star hotels in Bangkok, established by local investors. The ownership of the hotel was later transferred to the American Hotel Chain. John Becker a man with a good history in organizational management became the General Manager. Becker introduced an empowerment strategy as an aspect that would increase employee motivation and satisfaction. The practice reduced the bureaucratic governance that was embedded in the past management. The employees were now able to get involved in decision making, creativity, and innovation. Interaction with top management was also encouraged. Beckers policy however did not improve the performance of the organization, he spent a great deal of time solving employee problems, there was an increase in the number of complaints by customers and an increase in mistakes made by the employees. The performance of the organization therefore deteriorated. Symptoms Causes of Deterioration of Performance: Symptoms Causes of Deterioration of Performance Cultural factors Communication factors Staff performance: personality and organizational fit Job design and role ambiguity Espoused and enacted values Power hierarchy decision making process Stress, absenteeism, high staff turnover and job satisfaction Major issues in the case: Major issues in the case Organizational change inadequately managed. The differences in the newly merged workforce with dissimilar profiles had not been addressed. We will write a custom essay sample on Regency Grand Hotel specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Regency Grand Hotel specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Regency Grand Hotel specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Following this, Becker did not employ a communication strategy that supported the dissimilarity between management and employees and their different cultures. The unclear decision making process and power hierarchy. Lack of proper analysis of the chances of success of the strategy of empowerment. Lack of proper coordination within the management team, when trying to implement the empowerment strategy. The Hotel also faced the challenge of social emotional conflicts among employees. Contingencies of power such as source of power were not clearly outlined. These issues resulted in high levels of stress, absenteeism and turnover. Communication and Culture: Communication and Culture Prior to the take over, The Regency Grand was Thai owned and operated. While weighed down by the internal processes the census was one of understanding and fitted in within the cultural bounds. The American conglomerate conducted little research into the culture as reflected by Becker’s appointment and utilization of predetermined strategies ill-suited to an already successful business. English is becoming the common business language in Thailand (Chakorn, 2006). Verbal and written communication differs greatly between the two cultures, amplifying the need for Active listening. Implementation of organizational change: Implementation of organizational change in times of change within an organization, it is essential for the management team to ensure that employees are actively involved in the process of change. Becker introduced his new policy to the directors of the organization. He however, found himself all alone trying to implement the empowerment practice. Involving employees in the decision making initiatives is crucial. The purpose of this is to make them feel part of the organization (Lynn, 2008). The empowerment criteria employed by Becker enabled assimilation of employees in the decision making process. Their contributions were however, not profitable to the organization. Involve staff in change Involve staff in decision making Ensure staff feel included in organization More successful organizational change Organizational Culture and Change : Organizational Culture and Change Organizational culture exists where a set of cognitions is widely shared by members of a social unit and comprised of fundamental assumptions, values, behavioral norms and expectations, and larger patterns of behavior (O’Reilly, Chatman Caldwell, 1991). Employees at the Regent had an organizational affiliation to the Hotel, adding to the organizational culture. O’Reilly, Chatman and Caldwell (1991) indicate that individuals will choose roles, occupations and organizations based on congruency with their own values. Organizations tend to recruit individuals who are likely to share their values. When Becker implemented changes in job roles and organizational structure, without maintaining a congruency in values, this may have lead to changes in the organizational culture. Person-culture fit will increase commitment, satisfaction and performance. To ensure this is implemented, it may be necessary to adjust aspects such as hire new staff with similar values, or help existing staff to see congruency between their values and those of the organization. Personality : Personality â€Å"Cultures shape the expression of traits but not their levels† (Hofstede McCrae, 2004, 74). Personality traits have been found to have a significant role in influencing job choices and work values (Berings, Dufruyt Bouwen, 2004) Therefore, these traits should be taken into account, both when hiring employees and when designing and redesigning job roles. Big Five Personality Traits: Big Five Personality Traits Through research, five primary personality traits have been found to account for personality variations in society (Robbins, Bergman, Stagg Coulter, 2006). These traits are: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. Teng (2008) indicates that Schneider and Bowen (1985) found that personality traits of service employees can predict service quality. By hiring employees with personality traits in mind during the selection process, organizations are better able to create a suitable job-personality fit, and therefore improve profitability. Personality Trait requirement comparison (Adapted from Robbins et al, 2006) : Personality Trait requirement comparison (Adapted from Robbins et al, 2006) Personality Trait requirement comparison – cont. : Personality Trait requirement comparison – cont. Working effectively with personality traits: : Working effectively with personality traits: Although personality traits are intrinsic, it is possible to assist employees to display desirable behaviour in a range of circumstances through effective training techniques and skill building. Individual variations in preferences for different organizational cultures are associated with interpretable differences in personality characteristics (O’Reilly et al, 1991). The redesign of roles, responsibilities and reward systems to encourage desirable outcomes will increase congruency between individuals’ self-perception and person-organizational-fit, thereby improving the high staff-turnover situation as well as job satisfaction. Unclear power hierarchy : Unclear power hierarchy Another major issue encountered at the Regency Grand Hotel which affected the organizational culture was the problem of unclear power hierarchies which lead to staff not understanding their role clearly in the decision making process. Employees were given empowerment but this proved to be problematic as staffs were unable to discern between what constituted a major or minor problem. Staff found that in many cases when they did make a decision it was later overturned by supervisors. One part of the process of empowerment is impact. â€Å"Empowered employees view themselves as active participants in the organization; that is, their decisions and actions have an influence on the company’s success† (Mc Shane, 2008, p. 185). Becker introduced empowerment but this part of the process was distorted as the employees felt that their decisions were not valued and often overturned. Additionally, Becker stated he would not tolerate the same mistake twice. Staff now found it easier to revert back to their old ways of passing all problems over to their supervisors. This was directly counteractive to the plan of â€Å"allocating more decision-making authority to front line employees† (McShane, 2008, p. 192). This further reduced the effect of empowerment. Job Design and Role Ambiguity: Job Design and Role Ambiguity Employees were uncertain of the types of issues that were to be considered â€Å"Minor† and â€Å"Major†. Without clarification, they continued to refer problems to management. Jobs that have ambiguous demands, jobs that have too many demands, and jobs that do not allow the employee to participate in work related decisions are likely to hinder attempts at successful performance, thereby frustrating higher order needs† (Beehr, Walsh Taber, 1976, 42). This frustration results in reduced effort and motivation. They go further to state that â€Å"Effort toward quality is related to role ambiguity in that concern with the quality of one’s work is not maintained if it is unclear what constitutes task success†(Beehr et al, 1974, 46). Supervisors were unsure and reversed employee decisions to refer them on to higher levels of management. Role Conflict: The front-line staff were expected to experiment and be creative in dealing with situations at work, but were only allowed to make a mistake once. This resulted in reduced learning capacity as employees began behaving defensively in order to avoid reprimands for errors. Reduced Job Satisfaction: Increase in customer complaints, increase in absenteeism and employee turnover. Intra-organisational relationships suffered as trust was lost and fear reigned. Poor reviews due to declining levels of customer service. Role ambiguity: Role ambiguity Role ambiguity was another issue for the Hotel. â€Å"Role ambiguity can be defined as a lack of information needed to perform the role (Pearce, 1981; Cooper et al. , 2001). This issue can lead to many problems. â€Å"Employees who experience role ambiguity tend to perform at lower levels than employees who have a clear understanding of job requirements and what is expected of them. Likewise, role ambiguity is reflected in employees uncertainty concerning appropriate actions in commonly occurring job situations. It explicitly results when employees are not clear concerning the amount of authority they have and when they do not know others job performance expectations† (Boles Babin, 1996, as cited in Ussahawanitchakit, 2008). What is my role? What are my responsibilities? What are my functions? Who is my supervisor? What are the delineations of my role? Where is the information I need? Where is the information I need? Do I have the power/control to do this? Role ambiguity: Role ambiguity According to role theory, role ambiguity will result in coping behaviors by the uncomfortable employees in organizations that may attempt to solve the problems by avoiding stress, or to use defense mechanisms for changing the real situation. Therefore, ambiguity will allow an employee to be dissatisfied with his role in the organization, change reality and reduce his performance (Rizzo et al. , 1970). It can be seen in the case of the Regency Grand Hotel that due to the lack of clarification of the role each employee played within the organization stress resulted. This stress lead to an increase in staff moving toward the defensive tactic of pointing the finger at other employees therefore disowning any problems they may have encountered themselves. Recommendations for defining roles and reducing ambiguity: Recommendations for defining roles and reducing ambiguity The remedy for the situations that have evolved within the hotel is to clearly define each person’s role and make them aware of the importance their part plays in the overall operation of the hotel. Ensure employees are aware of their responsibilities. Additionally to define what is a major and minor problem and make it clear to members of staff who has the power to make decisions at each level, would also be of great assistance. For example if a problem arises at the front counter with a customer which would incur a minimal cost to the organization this could be handled by reception staff with little impact on the supervisor and within a much faster time frame causing less inconvenience to already disgruntled customers. This could be achieved by removal of the ‘same mistake twice rule’ that Becker introduced. In this way employees would truly feel empowered to make decisions that would have an impact on the organization thereby feeling that they were an important part in the hierarchy that exists in the hotel. Address Managerial / Supervisory level employees’ concerns at losing power. Reward them for encouragement and development of front-line team results. Job Satisfaction Aspect: Job Satisfaction Aspect Job satisfaction is essential for the work. Steven Travaglione (2007) note that happy workers are generally more productive. The initial management run by the Thai investors provided attractive employment packages e. . high salaries and bonuses. The performance was however, not impressive. The empowerment practice introduced by Becker reduced the bureaucratic governance. Employees were now able to interact freely with the top management. Becker interacted with employee and solved their problems. Nevertheless, there was an increase in the number of complaints and mistakes made by employees. Job Satisfaction Recommendations: Job Satisfaction Recommendations An audit process should be implemented to ensure change in strategy is adopted effectively. Open communication and feedback is required to ensure management is aware of the situations and any recurring issues that may require further investigation. Employees will respond well to feedback on their actions, this will assist with the learning process. Employ a risk manager, they do one on one coaching/counseling with employees to help with their concerns and be a impartial person to talk to when frustration arise and learn coping skills for the working at the hotel, this would have been great for when they did the changing of owners for a easy transition. Recommendations: Recommendations As front-line employees have not had power to make decisions in challenging situations in the past, it may be necessary to implement training sessions to improve skills when dealing with these situations, for example, conflict resolution courses, customer service training. An audit process should be implemented to ensure change in strategy is adopted effectively. Reward employees for correct/suitable actions – note rewards may be as simple as verbal encouragement or â€Å"Employee of the Month† titles. Open communication and feedback is required to ensure management is aware of the situations and any recurring issues that may require further investigation. Employees will respond well to feedback on their actions, this will assist with the learning process. Motivation: Motivation is a fundamental aspect of improving the quality of performance of the work force. The Regency Hotel management aimed at developing motivation among employees. However the employees were not motivated. Increased frustration, stress, job dissatisfaction and high turnover were some of the factors that demoralized employees. Encouraging innovativeness and reativity among employees is an essential component of a successful organisation. The free environment provided by the organisation was not effectively utilized by the employees. The performance of the organisation depreciated as a result. Motivated staff Improved performance of organisation Motivation Recommendations : Motivation Recommendations As mentioned earlier, reward employees for correct/ suitable actions – note rewards may be as simple as verbal encouragement or â€Å"Employee of the Month† titles. Team Building events, going on vacations with other employees to train up with other employees from the other hotels in the chain. Whenever the emphasis is on positive feedback it is a good idea to provide feedback in both public and private settings. When employees are recognised and encouraged in public, it acts as a natural stimulant for others who are close enough to see or hear whats taking place. Monthly training to empower and motivate the employees and sub management to have more skills and coping strategies in stressful/pressure situations. There is never an end to training, employees can also better themselves and that betters the organisation as a whole. Stress management seminar’s, motivation seminar’s, new skills seminar’s as they say knowledge is power and the more knowledge their employees have will create more motivation and improvement in their work and the hotel efficiently. Team building : Team building Team building enhances the capacity for an organisation to perform tasks faster and effectively (Steven Travaglione, 2007). Through empowerment employees were supposed to be more united. Employees were instead more divided and constantly in conflict. The empowerment policy was basically enacted for the purpose of improving the organisations performance. Complaints from customers were frequent The deterioration in service provision captured media attention. Team Building Recommendations : Team Building Recommendations Communication Exercise: This type of team building exercise is exactly what it sounds like. Communications exercises are problem solving activities that are geared towards improving communication skills. The issues teams encounter in these exercises are solved by communicating effectively with each other. †¢ Goal: Create an activity which highlights the importance of good communication in team performance and/or potential problems with communication. Problem Solving/Decision making exercises focus specifically on groups working together to solve difficult problems or make complex decisions. These exercises are some of the most common as they appear to have the most direct link to what employers want their teams to be able to do. †¢ Goal: Give team a problem in which the solution is not easily apparent or requires the team to come up with a creative solution Planning/Adaptability Exercise: These exercises focus on aspects of planning and being adaptable to change. These are important things for teams to be able to do when they are assigned complex tasks or decisions. Goal: Show the importance of planning before implementing a solution Trust Exercise: A trust exercise involves engaging team members in a way that will induce trust between them. They are sometimes difficult exercises to implement as there are varying degrees of trust between individuals and varying degrees of individual comfort trusting others in general. †¢ Goal: Create trust between team members Stress and case relationship : Stress and case relationship All of the factors identified in the Regency Grand Hotel case contribute to the high levels of stress, and resulting symptoms of stress: absenteeism and high turnover. Research supports the findings above by citing that open upward and downward communication; supporting creative organisational cultures by encouraging new ideas and mistakes that naturally ensue; clear and constant feedback (Baptiste, 2009); structured job design and work organisation; and well managed organisational change (Redfern, Rees Rowlands, 2008) are all elements that help reduce the levels of stress felt by employees within an organisation. According to Redfern et al. , (2008, p. 288) negative stress occurs ‘when the pressure placed upon an individual exceeds the perceived capacity of that individual to cope’. They offer a definition of stress by describing it in the following way: ‘stress releases powerful neurochemicals and hormones that prepare us for action to flight or flee† (Redfern et al, 2008, p. 288). Results from recent studies highlight some of the possible reactions of negative stress within organisational settings: ‘stress related problems among workers contribute to dysfunctional organisational consequences such as decreased organisational commitment, increased absenteeism, and high turnover’ (Chiu, Chien, Lin and Hsaio, 2005, p. 839). These reactions have been strongly experienced as symptomatic of issues at the Hotel. Visual depiction of case stressors and results in staff : Visual depiction of case stressors and results in staff New management Organisational change Unclear decision making hierarchy Communication problems Espoused versus enacted values – issues with creative organisational culture Lack of feedback Cultural clash between management and employees Issues with job design Stressors Release of powerful neurochemicals and hormones Possible outcomes Reaction Fight Flight Recommendations for introduction into the Regency Grand Hotel : Recommendations for introduction into the Regency Grand Hotel Physical activities such as exercises like jogging, aerobics, walking, and circuit classes can be implemented as lunchtime sessions which not only benefit employees by reducing stress levels and stress related illnesses but also work towards strengthening the social and team aspects of work. Research shows that the regular undertaking of such activities in an organisational setting has many positive effects on resilience to stress. For example physical well being is improved, as is mental alertness, decision making abilities and job performance. Relaxation technique classes also introduced to the Hotel staff would, assist with coping with mental and physical manifestations of stress. Classes that teach employees deep breathing skills, meditation, and yoga echoes the benefits of exercise with additional advantages such as restoring energy and vitality (Treven and Protocan, 2005). Recommendations for introduction into the Regency Grand Hotel : Recommendations for introduction into the Regency Grand Hotel Much research has been undertaken on how learning and development programs within the workplace can add to employees resilience to stress (Redfern et al. , 2008). Programs such as: Lifestyle programs which educate employees on the advantages of balanced diets and a regular exercise regime Time management kills within a job role to ensure that goals are met with minimal stress (Shuttleworth, 2004) Specific training for managers to ensure they have the skills to control their own stress levels as well as track those of their employees – this particular training will have the added advantage of buy in from the management perspective to develop an appropriate culture at the Regency Grand Hotel as well ensuring that the managers act as role models for their employees (Shuttleworth, 2004) In addition to the exercise, relaxation techniques and learning and dev elopment solutions, it is recommended that Employee Assistance Programs be introduced to the Hotel, this program offers employees a service whereby challenging situations can be discussed with counsellors and psychologists who can provide tools that will embed coping mechanisms (Trevern and Protocan, 2005). Recommendations for introduction into the Regency Grand Hotel : Recommendations for introduction into the Regency Grand Hotel In addition to the exercise, relaxation techniques and learning and development solutions, it is recommended that Employee Assistance Programs be introduced to the Hotel, this program offers employees a service whereby challenging situations can be discussed with counsellors and psychologists who can provide tools that will embed coping mechanisms (Trevern and Protocan, 2005). Recommended stress reducing strategies Physical activities Relaxation techniques Learning and development solutions Employee assistance program Conclusion : Conclusion The majority of problems experienced during the acquisition of the Regency Hotel may have been avoided or at least reduced dramatically through effective communication strategies, incorporating a comprehensive feedback loop to ensure understanding of changes and new requirements on an organisational level as well as individual level for all employees. Cultural, personal and organisational aspects should be taken into account; and changes to job design and job roles should be made clear to ensure successful adoption of the new system. At this stage, the Regency hotel is in a state of flux, with reduction in staff retention, profit and reputation. Effective change management strategies as outlined in this presentation should now be introduced to assist the employees to build a new Organisational Culture and incorporate the Empowerment strategy. Regency Grand Hotel Essay Example Regency Grand Hotel Essay The following case study illuminates the dilemma of the employees undergoing the management changeover following its acquisition by an international group. In the earlier set-up, the employees were expected to follow the orders of their managers without questioning them. Initiatives to solve problems at personal level were discouraged and it led to lack of innovation and risk-averse behavior. Eventually, the hotel staff got accustomed to the style of management over the past fifteen years, and it made the work go smoothly with minimal number of conflicts. However, the recent sale of the hotel to a new American group introduced an altogether new style of administration to the employees. The management style of the new GM was entirely opposite to what the staff was familiar to, and it caused problems bringing the hotels performance and reputation down the drain. Problems The problem of the Regency Grand Hotel entails a number of factors in its failure to meet expectations of its new management, though the challenges did not exist previously. As it is observed that there are some significant challenges in managing the workplace In changing business environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Regency Grand Hotel specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Regency Grand Hotel specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Regency Grand Hotel specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The workplace environment becomes more complex In which the complexity of Interactions, relationships and processes often makes difficult to understand. In the organization, managers are required to be effective In organizing, decisive, and malting good relationship with employees. In this report, the practice of empowerment is analyzed as the new management endorses ten capacity AT employees to make sconces Ana echelons Into actions. However, there are situations where employees feel uncomfortable with the change in management. Mostly, people do not accept and understand the benefits in changing the management. Organization needs to consider the internal and external factors in implementing a new strategic management. It is important to develop strategy to help employees learning about the change. Managers are also required to develop good communication within its employees since people may come from different cultural background, skills, age, and gender. These differences will create barriers in communication based on different values and perceptions. The effective management of workplace in organization requires an understanding of leadership and motivation in managing the workplace on performing the Job and being motivated to do so. Empowerment is a concept which is commonly used in management in various organizations. Employee empowerment have benefited many organizations through careful and comprehensive way of dealing with employees and carrying out empowerment process subtly and friendly and thus creating perception, memory and emotions in order to make the employees feel as if they are part of the process, not Just as they have been tossed about. As far as emotions go, it is rightly said that emotion is associated with mood, temperament, personality and disposition, and motivation. There is no practical way of getting things done other Han this. 1. Contingency Theory Fiddlers contingency theory emphasizes that the leadership effectiveness depends on both the leaders personality and the situation in which that leader operates (Fiddler 1967). This theory implies that the most effective style of leadership will vary depends on whether the persons natural leadership style is appropriately matched to the situation (Mischance, Lockable Traveling 2010 up. 67). For example, in highly routine environment where the tasks are usually repetitive, a directive leadership style may result best by giving instruction and order to specific tasks. On the other hand, in flexible environment where Job is highly structured or fairly unstructured and employees are required to be flexible with any situations occurred, participative leadership style is required (Bolder, Gosling, Monaural Dennis 2003). The theory assumes that different situations call for different characteristics, therefore no single optimal cryptographic profile of a leader exists. The relationship between leadership style and effectiveness suggested that under condition a, style x would be appropriate, while style y would be suitable for condition b, and style z for condition c. Some of the major mistakes of John Becker were that he Just copied his previous successful management style but ignored that the situation definitely had changed. Management is a complex process, and not all the theories or leadership styles can be suitable for all situations. 2. Leadership Styles Theory of Leadership is influencing, motivating and enabling others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members (Mischance, Lockable Traveling 2010 up. 456). Leadership style is the approach and method to provide direction, implement plans, and motivate people. The 3 major leadership styles are:- o Delectate or autocratic learning style o Participative or democratic leadership style o Laissez-fairer leadership style 2. Directive or autocratic leadership style These leaders relay on assigning the employees to specific tasks, clarify their work duties and procedures, ensure that they follow company rules and push them to reach their performance capacity(Mischance, Lockable Traveling 2010 up. 460) In the case of The Regency Grand Hotel, the previous management had encouraged employees to always work according to managements instruction and employees ere not allowed to trying out ideas that had not been approved by management. Although this style has a lot of disadvantages it is successful in Regency Grand Hotel over past of years. Employees worked according to managements instructions with no innovation or no creativity. While trying to be innovative, employees made some mistakes and they were punished as a result of which employees were anxious of being innovative or taking risks. This is the historical and cultural background of the organization which cannot be easily changed. Fiddler identified that there are tuitions where managers are required to be task oriented or relationship oriented.